The Vedas are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism. The Upanishads are late Vedic Sanskrit texts of religious teachings and ideas highly revered in Hinduism. The words Om, Brahman or Atman are the same and used interchangeably in this paper.
The Upanishads contain the essence of the Vedas. They are the source of Vedanta Philosophy. Profound, original, lofty and sublime thoughts arise from every verse. They contain the direct spiritual experiences or revelations of seers or sages, the Rishis. They are products of highest wisdom, supreme divine knowledge. The Upanishads are metaphysical treatises which are replete with sublime conceptions of Vedanta and with intuitions of universal truths. The Indian Rishis and seers of yore endeavored to grasp the fundamental truths of being. They tried to solve the problems of the origin, the nature and destiny of man and of the Universe.
